Keeping food fresh on the road is essential, and that’s exactly what your RV refrigerator does. But unlike a standard household fridge, an RV fridge works differently — it’s designed to run efficiently while driving, camping off-grid, or hooked up at a campground. So, how does a fridge in an RV work? Let’s break it down.
The Two Main Types of RV Refrigerators:
There are two common kinds of RV fridges, and they use very different cooling systems:
1. Absorption Refrigerator (Gas/Electric)
This is the most common type in traditional RVs. It uses a combination of heat and chemical reactions — not a compressor — to create cooling.
It can run on propane gas, 120V AC (shore power), or sometimes 12V DC.
How it works:
-
A heat source (either propane flame or electric element) heats ammonia and hydrogen gas in a sealed system.
-
When the ammonia cools, it absorbs heat from inside the fridge, lowering the temperature.
-
The process cycles continuously, keeping your food cold without needing a compressor.
Pros:
Can run on propane — perfect for boondocking or dry camping.
Silent operation (no motor noise).
Cons:
Cools slower than compressor models.
Needs to be level to work efficiently.
2. Compressor Refrigerator (12V or 120V)
These are becoming more popular in newer RVs and van conversions. They work just like a home refrigerator, using a compressor and refrigerant to circulate cool air.
How it works:
-
The compressor pressurizes refrigerant gas, which then expands and cools inside the evaporator coils.
-
This process removes heat from inside the fridge and releases it outside.
Pros:
Cools quickly and maintains stable temperatures.
Can operate while driving.
Works efficiently even when the RV isn’t level.
Cons:
Uses more battery power (not ideal for long off-grid trips without solar).
Slightly louder due to compressor noise.
Power Sources for RV Refrigerators
Depending on your model, an RV fridge may run on:
-
Propane (LPG) – for off-grid use.
-
120V AC power – when plugged into shore power.
-
12V DC – powered by batteries or solar systems (in newer models).
Many absorption models are “two-way” or “three-way”, meaning they can automatically switch between power sources depending on what’s available.
Tips to Keep Your RV Fridge Running Efficiently
-
Pre-cool before your trip – Start the fridge 12–24 hours in advance.
-
Don’t overload it – Leave room for air to circulate.
-
Park level – Important for absorption fridges to prevent overheating.
-
Check door seals – Ensure cold air doesn’t leak out.
-
Clean the vents and burner area – Dust and debris reduce cooling performance.
When to Call us?
If your fridge isn’t cooling properly, smells like ammonia, or won’t switch between gas and electric, it’s time to have it inspected. Leaks in the sealed system or faulty control boards are best handled by an RV technician.
Your RV fridge is a small but powerful system that keeps food safe and drinks cold wherever you go. Whether it’s powered by propane or electricity, understanding how it works helps you maintain it for years of reliable service.
For professional RV appliance repair, electrical diagnostics, and maintenance, contact Custom-way in Artesia, CA. We specialize in RV refrigeration, remodeling, roof repair, and electrical systems.
Call +1 840-205-7314 or email customway.ca@gmail.com today.